return {
    {
        "nvim-treesitter",
        lazy = false,
        after = function(plugin)
            ---@param buf integer
            ---@param language string
            local function treesitter_try_attach(buf, language)
                -- check if parser exists and load it
                if not vim.treesitter.language.add(language) then
                    return false
                end
                -- enables syntax highlighting and other treesitter features
                vim.treesitter.start(buf, language)

                -- enables treesitter based folds
                vim.wo.foldexpr = "v:lua.vim.treesitter.foldexpr()"

                -- enables treesitter based indentation
                vim.bo.indentexpr = "v:lua.require'nvim-treesitter'.indentexpr()"

                return true
            end

            local installable_parsers = require("nvim-treesitter").get_available()
            vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd("FileType", {
                callback = function(args)
                    local buf, filetype = args.buf, args.match
                    local language = vim.treesitter.language.get_lang(filetype)
                    if not language then
                        return
                    end

                    if not treesitter_try_attach(buf, language) then
                        if vim.tbl_contains(installable_parsers, language) then
                            -- not already installed, so try to install them via nvim-treesitter if possible
                            require("nvim-treesitter").install(language):await(function()
                                treesitter_try_attach(buf, language)
                            end)
                        end
                    end
                end,
            })
        end,
    },

    {
        "nvim-treesitter-textobjects",
        auto_enable = true,
        lazy = false,
        before = function(plugin)
            -- https://github.com/nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects/tree/main?tab=readme-ov-file#using-a-package-manager
            -- Disable entire built-in ftplugin mappings to avoid conflicts.
            -- See https://github.com/neovim/neovim/tree/master/runtime/ftplugin for built-in ftplugins.
            vim.g.no_plugin_maps = true

            -- Or, disable per filetype (add as you like)
            -- vim.g.no_python_maps = true
            -- vim.g.no_ruby_maps = true
            -- vim.g.no_rust_maps = true
            -- vim.g.no_go_maps = true
        end,
        after = function(plugin)
            require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects").setup({
                select = {
                    -- Automatically jump forward to textobj, similar to targets.vim
                    lookahead = true,
                    -- You can choose the select mode (default is charwise 'v')
                    --
                    -- Can also be a function which gets passed a table with the keys
                    -- * query_string: eg '@function.inner'
                    -- * method: eg 'v' or 'o'
                    -- and should return the mode ('v', 'V', or '<c-v>') or a table
                    -- mapping query_strings to modes.
                    selection_modes = {
                        ["@parameter.outer"] = "v", -- charwise
                        ["@function.outer"] = "V", -- linewise
                        -- ['@class.outer'] = '<c-v>', -- blockwise
                    },
                    -- If you set this to `true` (default is `false`) then any textobject is
                    -- extended to include preceding or succeeding whitespace. Succeeding
                    -- whitespace has priority in order to act similarly to eg the built-in
                    -- `ap`.
                    --
                    -- Can also be a function which gets passed a table with the keys
                    -- * query_string: eg '@function.inner'
                    -- * selection_mode: eg 'v'
                    -- and should return true of false
                    include_surrounding_whitespace = false,
                },
                move = {
                    set_jumps = true,
                },
            })

            -- keymaps
            -- You can use the capture groups defined in `textobjects.scm`
            vim.keymap.set({ "x", "o" }, "am", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.select").select_textobject("@function.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "x", "o" }, "im", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.select").select_textobject("@function.inner", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "x", "o" }, "ac", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.select").select_textobject("@class.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "x", "o" }, "ic", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.select").select_textobject("@class.inner", "textobjects")
            end)
            -- You can also use captures from other query groups like `locals.scm`
            vim.keymap.set({ "x", "o" }, "as", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.select").select_textobject("@local.scope", "locals")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>a", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.swap").swap_next("@parameter.inner")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set("n", "<leader>A", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.swap").swap_previous("@parameter.outer")
            end)

            -- You can use the capture groups defined in `textobjects.scm`
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]m", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_start("@function.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]]", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_start("@class.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            -- You can also pass a list to group multiple queries.
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]o", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_start(
                    { "@loop.inner", "@loop.outer" },
                    "textobjects"
                )
            end)
            -- You can also use captures from other query groups like `locals.scm` or `folds.scm`
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]s", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_start("@local.scope", "locals")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]z", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_start("@fold", "folds")
            end)

            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "]M", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_end("@function.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "][", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_next_end("@class.outer", "textobjects")
            end)

            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "[m", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_previous_start("@function.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "[[", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_previous_start("@class.outer", "textobjects")
            end)

            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "[M", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_previous_end("@function.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "[]", function()
                require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.move").goto_previous_end("@class.outer", "textobjects")
            end)
            local ts_repeat_move = require("nvim-treesitter-textobjects.repeatable_move")

            -- Repeat movement with ; and ,
            -- ensure ; goes forward and , goes backward regardless of the last direction
            -- vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, ";", ts_repeat_move.repeat_last_move_next)
            -- vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, ",", ts_repeat_move.repeat_last_move_previous)

            -- vim way: ; goes to the direction you were moving.
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, ";", ts_repeat_move.repeat_last_move)
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, ",", ts_repeat_move.repeat_last_move_opposite)

            -- Optionally, make builtin f, F, t, T also repeatable with ; and ,
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "f", ts_repeat_move.builtin_f_expr, { expr = true })
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "F", ts_repeat_move.builtin_F_expr, { expr = true })
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "t", ts_repeat_move.builtin_t_expr, { expr = true })
            vim.keymap.set({ "n", "x", "o" }, "T", ts_repeat_move.builtin_T_expr, { expr = true })

            -- NOTE: for more textobjects options, see the following link.
            -- This template is using the new `main` branch of the repo.
            -- https://github.com/nvim-treesitter/nvim-treesitter-textobjects/tree/main
        end,
    },
}